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 About two years ago, I got a call from THX’s PR representatives asking if I’d like to take part in a briefing on the world’s first THX Ultra2-certified in-wall subwoofer system. Core technologies for the system, I was told, were being developed by THX chief scientist Laurie Fincham (perhaps best known for his achievements as the former Technical Director for the British speaker-maker KEF), while the resulting subwoofer system would be manufactured by BG Radia, of Carson City, NV. I was eager to learn what Fincham and BG Radia would do when given the freedom to create a world-class sub, so I signed up for the briefing and was soon introduced to a radical new woofer system design that breaks all the established rules, and for all the right reasons.

Let’s play a word association game. If I say “state-of-the-art subwoofer,” what thoughts first come to your mind? My bet is that you are picturing a big, honkin’ precision-made woofer (or two) loaded into a beefy, bank-vault-like enclosure and that is powered by a take-no-prisoners amplifier with enough output to propel a hybrid car. Well, apart from the amplifier part of the equation, let me tell you that the BGX-4850 subwoofer system ($6995) is nothing like that.

Flying in the face of tradition, Fincham and the BG Radia team have developed a multi-component woofer system comprised of four extremely compact yet very high output in-wall woofer modules that are—get this—inherently vibration canceling, plus an outboard controller/amp module to power them. Interestingly, Fincham never saw the in-wall aspect of the system as a performance-limiting factor. On the contrary, he felt the size constraints of an in-wall sub compelled him to think—quite literally—“outside the box” to create new woofer technologies that offer a fundamentally better-sounding way of reproducing bass frequencies. To appreciate the true character of this BG Radia woofer system, then, don’t think of it as an in-wall product, per se, but rather as a world-class sub that also just happens to support in-wall mounting.

Specifically, the BGX-4850 subwoofer system is meant to address five specific design goals:

• Provide THX Ultra2-certified output capabilities.
• Achieve well-distributed and extremely evenly balanced bass response throughout the listening room.
• Deliver excellent low-frequency extension with exceptionally fast transient response, great pitch definition, and terrific timbral purity.
• Achieve all of the above in a compact and virtually invisible in-wall format.
• Achieve all of the above in a design that cancels out woofer cabinet vibrations, thus minimizing problems with resonance and vibrations in wall studs and/or sheetrock panels (problems that can crop up with high-output subs of any kind).

As the THX/BG Radia press briefing came to a close back in 2007 I expected that a production-release version of the BGX-4850 system would appear within a few months, but it was not to be. When manufacturers are chasing state-of-the-art performance it can take longer than you’d think to get those final few product details just right, which was certainly the case with BG Radia’s new super woofer. Trade shows came and went yet the final production version of the BGX-4850 system remained tantalizingly beyond reach—until just recently. But as you’ll see in a moment, it was worth the wait.

 

OVERVIEW 

Consider this subwoofer system if: you judge subs by their sound, not by their looks. (BG’s system looks fine, but—in in-wall form—is essentially invisible). This system performs exactly as advertised; it provides high output, deep bass extension, lightning fast transient response, great pitch definition and timbral purity, and evenly balanced bass output all over the room. Unorthodox though it may be, this is one of the two or three best subs I’ve heard at any price.  

Look further if: you want massive “trophy subs” to show off to your buddies (the BGX system duplicates the output of two conventional 18-inchers, but is low on “bling factor”). Look further, too, if you are cost conscious or require an in-room solution (BG’s in-room enclosures won’t be available ‘til later this year). The only serious omission is lack of a built-in room/sub EQ system—a touch we would certainly expect in a woofer system in this price/performance class.

FEATURES

• The BGX-4850 subwoofer system consists of five main components: four SM-1250 in-wall woofer modules (with grilles), and a standalone, rack mountable, remote controlled BGA-2104 subwoofer amplifier.
•  THX Ultra2 certification guarantees low frequency extension down to 25 Hz (or better) at -3dB, and assurance that the sub is capable of THX Reference Level output in rooms up to 3000 cubic feet.
• Billed as “the world’s first THX Ultra2 in-wall subwoofer,” the BGX-4850 system’s compact woofer modules comfortably fit within the stud spaces of interior walls framed with 2” x 4” studs. Alternatively, the woofer modules could be mounted in a ceiling, or even slipped under couches or shallow cabinets.
• BG’s SM-1250 woofer enclosures use proprietary THX Balanced Bass-line technology to cancel out woofer cabinet vibrations. Fincham’s ingenious, “boxer-style” enclosure features two sets of six drivers that are horizontally opposed and arranged so that their diaphragms pump inward and then outward in unison, so that vibration forces exactly cancel out. Sound is output through a forward facing slot that measures roughly 2” x 22.5”. Even when the woofers are playing loud and low, the enclosures housings exhibit virtually no discernible vibration.
• BG’s multi-woofer module format allows modules to be positioned within as many as four wall surfaces for exceptionally even and well-balanced in-room bass response. (Example: in the Playback lab the system delivers bass response of 18Hz to well over 100Hz, ± 2-3dB, across multiple listening locations at once).
• The BG Radia system uses a total of 48 small-diameter 4-inch drivers (12 in each woofer module) that are light, fast, and responsive—yet that offer bass extension below 20 Hz. The upshot is a subwoofer that is powerful and goes deep, yet that sounds audibly “faster,” more nuanced, and more transparent than most. Interestingly, BG’s 48 small drivers have the combined radiating area of two conventional 18-inch woofers, so high output is never a problem.
• BG Radia offers separate in-wall mounting kits for both new construction applications and retrofit applications. Recognizing, however, that some customers will require an in-room solution, BG Radia has teamed with acclaimed industrial designer Allen Boothroyd (co-founder of Meridian Audio, Ltd.) to develop a combo on-wall/in-room enclosure for the SM-1250 woofer modules. The in-room enclosures are slated for release later this year.
• The electronic “heart” of the system is BG Radia’s BGA-2104 Subwoofer amplifier with provides 2200 watts of power, extensive control functions including DSP and a remote control.

How can this be? The answer involves two important BG Radia design decisions. First, by using many small bass drivers (48 x 4-inch units) rather than a few much larger and more massive woofers, BG Radia has produced a woofer that not only moves huge quantities of air at low frequencies but that—quite remarkably—offers flat frequency response all the way up to about 4.5kHz (a claim few if any other subs can make with a straight face). Second, BG Radia’s THX Balanced Bass Line cabinets effectively eliminate problems with cabinet resonance, which can be a huge problems with many box type subs. Even when the BGX-4850 is belting out powerful deep bass, you can put your hands on the BG woofer enclosures and pretty much feel, well, nothing at all. Though I admit that it initially seems a bit strange, it’s a wonderful thing to experience powerful and articulate bass with no cabinet shakes, quakes, or bad vibes of any kind.

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I feel bad for audio and video engineers. Usually, when consumers buy luxury goods, they can’t wait to show them off. But when they buy audio/video gear, they want to hide it. While watches have grown bigger and cars have become flashier, A/V gear has been shoved into closets and built into walls and ceilings. Squeezing a subwoofer into a wall has proven a challenge, though. Most subwoofers use large drivers with magnets that are too massive to fit in the 4-inch-deep cavity of a standard wall. The latest solution to this problem emerged from the mind of Laurie Fincham, chief scientist at THX. It’s called THX Balanced Bass-line technology. Fincham tossed the big woofers and substituted a bunch of 4-inchers, each in its own enclosure. He turned the little enclosures sideways so they could fit inside a wall. And he arrayed them in two banks of six, facing each other to cancel out vibration. Fincham took the idea to loudspeaker manufacturer BG Radia, who turned it into an actual product: the BGX-4850 in-wall subwoofer system. I say “subwoofer system” because the BGX-4850 comprises four subwoofer modules, each incorporating a dozen 4-inch woofers. A 2,200-watt digital amplifier powers the system. Although 4-inch drivers might seem inadequate to deliver powerful bass, combining 48 of them gives you about 20% more radiating area than two 18-inch woofers. The smaller drivers can move (and stop) faster than big drivers, so they have the potential to deliver tighter, better-defined bass. However, each of the 4-inch drivers can move only about ⅛ inch forward or back, while a typical 18-inch woofer might more three or four times that far. Thus, from a purely acoustical standpoint, the BG Radia doesn’t produce as much bass as a pair of 18s. BG makes up for this using an equalization circuit built into the amplifier. Each subwoofer module comes with two paintable grilles: one 7 inches wide, the other 15 inches wide. Your installer can cut a hole in the drywall, install the subwoofer module, and cover it with the 15-inch grille. For a more discreet installation using the narrower 7-inch grille, new drywall can be laid over the installed subwoofer, leaving only the slot into which the driver’s vent is exposed. SETUP I was reluctant to tear holes in my walls to accommodate the BGX-4850’s four sub modules. Fortunately, because each of the modules is self-contained, I didn’t have to. The woofers don’t vent into the wall, as most in-wall speakers do, so they perform essentially the same if they’re placed against a wall as they do inside it. (In fact, BG will soon be offering on-wall and freestanding versions of its subwoofer system.) The BGA-2104 amplifier uses Neutrik Speak-On connectors, a type common to professional audio products. BG includes a pair of Speak-On plugs that your installer can connect to your speaker cables, two cables per plug. The amp has two RCA inputs and one XLR jack; just connect one of these to your receiver or surround sound processor. The amp has an alphanumeric display on the front. By punching and turning the volume knob, you can adjust things like crossover frequency, phase, and, of course, volume. It doesn’t let you adjust the volume of each sub separately, however, and it doesn’t let you equalize them individually — any equalizer you connect will affect the system globally. Research shows that four subwoofers deliver more consistent bass response throughout a room than a single subwoofer can. However, getting four subs to work in concert can be complicated. In my home theater, I have a bass “sweet spot” — a subwoofer position that I’ve found delivers nearly flat bass response when I’m sitting in the middle of my couch. With four subs, though, that didn’t work. I ended up spending a great deal of time experimenting with different placements of the woofer modules, using a measurement microphone and a laptop running TrueRTA real-time spectrum-analysis software to evaluate each positioning scheme. In my room, placing all four subs up front, near the TV, gave me the best performance. In this position, the bass measured almost dead flat in every seat on my couch. It was also the only position I found in which I got truly powerful deep bass from the system — with every other positioning scheme I tried, I couldn’t get the low-end grunt I expect from movies like King Kong. If I were installing BGX-4850s, I’d mount the four subs where I’d be likely to get the greatest deep bass output — in the four corners of the room, say — and then use a subwoofer equalizer (such as the Audyssey MultEQ feature, built into many receivers) to smooth out any bumps in the frequency response. This would probably be the most practical way to get powerful, consistently smooth bass from this system. PERFORMANCE Fatigued after spending 3 hours moving subwoofer modules around, I vowed to put off my listening tests until the next day. But my plans changed when the Bottle Rocket Blu-ray Disc arrived from Netflix that afternoon. Eager for some light entertainment, I fired the system back up and settled into my couch. I didn’t expect to glean any useful information about the BGX-4850 by watching this low-budget indie flick, but I did. Bottle Rocket features a loungy soundtrack by Mark Mothersbaugh, the Devo frontman turned film/ TV composer. Through the BGX-4850, the music’s melodic bass lines sounded perfectly even, with a tight, punchy groove that reminded me of what I’ve heard in Los Angeles’s best recording studio control rooms. The character of the bottom end differed dramatically from the “full of 50-hertz fury, signifying nothing” bass one so often hears in home theaters. My experience with Bottle Rocket inspired me to switch right away to stereo music. The bass lines on my favorite reference CDs sang, with no unnaturally booming notes. Even though the timing of the notes was the same as with any other sub, the BGX-4850’s smooth response seemed to improve the rhythm of the tunes I listened to. And it delivered this superb performance in every seat across my couch — something no single subwoofer has ever been able to do in my system. The great sound on Bottle Rocket told me nothing, though, about the performance on real movies like Final Destination 2 and Hellboy. All of my favorite test scenes — including the brontosaurus stampede from King Kong and the spaceship flyover that begins Star Wars, Episode II: Attack of the Clones — sounded brutally powerful yet precisely defined, as if I’d arrayed four or six top 12-inch subwoofers across the front of my room. Midbass sound effects like punches and kicks came through with dramatic impact; the experience was almost uncomfortable. Here’s the rub, though: When, just out of curiosity, I tried going back to some of the other subwoofer positioning schemes I had tried, in every case the low bass practically disappeared. The system suddenly sounded thin and unbalanced when I played slam-bang action movies and heavy rock music. Those little woofers seem to need careful positioning (or perhaps some post-installation electronic tweaking) to work in concert with one another and your room. To get the most from the BGX-4850, you need an installer who’s knowledgeable and who cares. BOTTOM LINE With careful installation and adjustment, the BG Radia BGX- 4850 is almost a holy grail of subwoofers. It practically vanishes into your walls; it delivers better punch and pitch definition than any 15- or 18-inch subwoofer I’ve heard; and in the hands of a good installer, it can deliver a truly thrilling, high-impact home theater experience. Even though it’ll be hidden in the walls, its sound will grab your attention as much as anything Maserati or Movado could dream up.
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A bottle of vodka can’t make a speaker sound any better than it actually does. But it can make me think I sound better (smarter, and of course funnier). It might even make suggestible friends agree if you pass the bottle around the room. However, it still can’t change a subwoofer’s performance. Vodka, after all, isn’t a room treatment product—although enough (empty) bottles spread throughout the room might be just the thing. I bring this up as a way of full disclosure. It’s become a tradition that Igor Levitsky, BG Radia’s VP of engineering and research, presents me with a bottle of Russian vodka the one or two times a year we have the chance to meet. (We have something of a Russian connection. I took Russian in college. He took college in Russia.) So when Igor came to my house to set up and tweak BG Radia’s BGX-4850 in-wall subwoofer system ($6,995 as tested), he did not disappoint. So now you know, and I can state categorically that neither the gifting nor the drinking had any influence on my ultimate impression of the system. Hopefully, this public airing will make Igor feel like he has to maintain the tradition. When I first heard that Igor was working with Laurie Fincham (THX’s chief scientist and VP of research and development) on a project to develop the world’s first THX Ultra2–certified in-wall subwoofer, I thought maybe he’d been swigging from one of those vodka bottles that were meant for me. After all, THX Ultra2 certification is for products that are designed to be used in large home theater rooms, typically around 3,000 cubic feet with a viewing distance of approximately 12 feet. It’s tough enough to design a free- standing subwoofer for that kind of application. Coming up with an in-wall version that doesn’t require significant modifications to the wall—requiring 8-foot-tall back boxes or stud relocation, for example—seems like it would be darn near impossible. Or so you might think. It turns out that, after a longer period of time than they originally anticipated, Messrs. Fincham and Levitsky have come up with just such a thing. Better than that, they’ve come up with an in-wall subwoofer that can hold its own against the best subwoofers of any configuration on the market. And they’ve done it in a form factor that’s surprisingly simple and amazingly easy to install, in either new or existing construction. Dead on Arrival BG Radia’s BGX-4850 system consists of four BGX-S12B subwoofer modules and a BGA-2104 subwoofer amplifier. Invariably, anyone who looks for the first time at the naked BGX-S12B modules before they’re hidden in the wall will experience a definite “What the…?” moment. The dark-gray modules look more like high-efficiency space heaters or some extremely bogus ionic air purifiers than they do subwoofers. Of course, unless you’re an uber-techie and decide to attach them to the wall sans covering (which, by the way, you could do, and they’ll work fabulously), your only chance to marvel at their unique design will be as you or your installer attaches them to the studs in the wall. Each module measures 14.5 inches wide by 26.75 inches high and is only 3.5 inches deep (more on this a bit later). This means they will easily fit in any standard 2-by-4 studded wall. You’d expect to find a large single driver or, as is the case with some other in-wall subs, a powered driver paired with a passive radiator. Instead, each BGX-S12B module contains a dozen 4-inch “micro-precision” woofers—yes, 12 4-inch woofers, not four 12- inch woofers. Each one is sealed in its own individual chamber or pod. The pods are arranged in balanced pairs that fire in phase directly toward each other. Sound exits through a narrow channel that runs down the center of the module between the opposing drivers. BG claims that the 48 drivers included in the four modules have a total combined radiating area that’s equal to two 18-inch drivers. (My math says it’s actually about 20 percent more area than two 18-inch drivers, but I’ll take BG’s word for it.) The unique design is part of a new technology from Fincham and THX called THX Balanced Bassline. In addition to generating a lot of bass, the tightly coupled opposing drivers inherently cancel vibration. Levitsky tells me that the subs reduce vibration even further by using small, specially shaped woofer pods made out of a glass-reinforced composite material. The design minimizes internal standing waves and shifts mechanical structural resonances much higher than the operational range of the subwoofer, and it’s amazingly effective. Even with the lowest bass information, the drywall around an installed module vibrates no more than any other spot of drywall in the room. Impressive as that was, I was even more amazed when I laid a module on its back on the floor and placed a filled wine glass on one of the pods. (In order to protect our new carpet, I used water in the glass rather than wine—just in case BG’s claims were slightly exaggerated.) With the sub playing at near painful levels, the filled glass barely budged. Wall-Easy The 3.5-inch-deep BGX-4850 subwoofers easily fit in a standard wall without any special modifications, dog ears, or heavy-duty clamps to hold the enclosure tightly against the drywall. In fact, the subs will be a breeze to install for anyone who’s ever held a drywall saw and a cordless screwdriver (not necessarily at the same time). Even if you don’t install the system yourself—which is entirely doable—it’s still a bonus because the less time it takes your installer to install the sub enclosures, the lower your labor bill will be. Inappropriately named NCBs (new construction brackets) are required for retrofit installations as well as new construction. Two grille options are available, and your choice depends on whether the install is a retrofit or new construction. For new construction, the NCB and sub enclosure are installed before the drywall. When the wall goes up, the contractor cuts a hole in the drywall around the 7-inch-wide protective cover on the front of the enclosures. After the wall has been painted, the cover is removed and replaced with a narrow 7-by-28-inch grille. In a retrofit application, the NCB is used as a template to cut the hole in the drywall. After you secure the NCB to the studs with four screws, you’ll screw the module into the NCB. After the speaker wire is attached, a 15-by- 29.5-inch grille snaps into place. This latter option isn’t as stealthy an install as the slender 7-inch grille, to be sure. However, since you don’t need to make any other modifications to the wall, it’s a decent trade-off. I’m sure by now, you’re wondering, “How do they manage to fit 12—or, for that matter, even two—4-inch woofers sideways in a module that’s 3.5 inches deep?” That’s such a good question, I asked it myself. It turns out that the 3.5-inch depth spec is the installed depth. The remaining half-inch or so of the drivers extends through the opening in the drywall, and the grilles bow outward slightly to provide a smidgen of extra room. All Amped Up The system’s BGA-2104 power amplifier/controller is a standard rack-mount-sized component that generates two channels of 1,100 watts each. Each amplifier drives two modules connected in parallel. Since all processing and amplification happens in the BGA-2104, a single run of speaker wire is all you’ll need to connect the subwoofer modules to the amp. In terms of aesthetics, it has a basic LED display panel on the front with a large rotary encoder knob next to it. While it’s not ugly, the lackluster look may make you relegate it to one of the less prominent shelves in your rack. The main menu functions (including level, mode, crossover, phase, and input) are all accessible from the front panel via the encoder knob. Anyone who has ever worked with a subwoofer will find it easy to set up, but the amp is somewhat slow to respond after it receives a menu command. The included creditcard-style IR remote control lets you turn the sub on or off—the system does have auto signal sensing capability with three sensitivity settings. You can also change the volume level and switch between user-adjustable Music and Movie preset modes. There are also power and mode triggers. It’s unusual for a subwoofer this expensive to not include some sort of automatic room correction circuitry, but according to BG, it’s not that necessary thanks to the acoustic benefits of the four separate sub modules. (More on that in a moment.) The most frustrating part of the installation will probably be connecting the speaker wires to the outputs on the back of the subwoofer amplifier using the two included Neutrik SpeakOn connectors. Levitsky says BG likes to use these locking speaker connectors because they provide a highly reliable connection that protects against electric shock and shorting. That’s correct, but it still doesn’t make them any easier to terminate. Fortunately for me, Levitsky offered to do the wiring. However, I did have to let him borrow a tiny screwdriver to do the job. The Why Four and the Where Four If the amp has only two channels, what’s up with having four modules? Couldn’t BG have just made the modules a little taller, added a few more drivers, and called it a day using only two? First of all, in order to achieve the volume levels that are required for THX Ultra2 certification, the system needs driver surface area. (BG also makes the $4,995 BGX- 2450 that includes the same amp and two of the sub modules. This configuration is THX Select2 certified and may be fine in a smaller room and satisfying at lower listening levels. ) However, volume is only part of the story. As Levitsky explained, if you’re a single, action-movie junkie with no prospects of romantic involvement any time soon, put your subwoofers in one corner of the room. This will generate the maximum amount of bass and the most complaints from the neighbors. Unfortunately, this setup will typically be annoyingly inconsistent in terms of output from seating position to seating position. Equalization can help smooth out the response curve, but only for one specific listening location in the room. Thanks to research done by Floyd Toole and others, one simple solution to the problem of uneven bass throughout a room is to use multiple subwoofers positioned on opposite walls (if possible). While two is good, four (although more expensive) is even better—thus the choice of four modules for the BGX-4850. In addition to being able to produce the amount of output required for a large room, properly installing the modules on opposite walls provides a smoother overall frequency response and greatly reduces variations in output from seat to seat. The locations where I could install in-wall subwoofers in my theater weren’t ideal, but after we finished dialing in the system, the BGX-4850’s performance was about as ideal as you could want. To prove the point about the value of multiple sub locations, Levitsky captured the response curves in the room with one, two, and then all four subwoofers in action. We didn’t need to see the graph because we could hear the differences. It was especially interesting to see the results on paper. There’s no doubt of the benefit from having four woofers. But how do you know where the best locations in your room are? In theory, you’d place one sub in the center of each wall, or one in each corner. Since the BGX- 4850 modules are acoustically self-contained, you can easily move the modules to different places in your room and listen to the system in order to find the best spots. Unfortunately, you can’t do this if you’re building a new home and the modules need to be installed before the drywall goes up. Then it’s best to rely on theory and your custom A/V designer’s judgment. What a Blast Earlier this year, my wife and I were lucky enough to be at Cape Canaveral for a launch of the Space Shuttle. Even from our vantage point five miles away, the sound of the fury of the launch was damn impressive—at one point, it even elicited a stunned “Whoa!” from most of the assembled geeky types on the crowded beach. Of course, having seen and heard the real thing, and being prompted from the hoopla surroundng the 40th anniversary of the first moon landing, I decided I needed to find out how well the BGX-4850 could handle Hollywood’s version of a launch in Apollo 13. I have to admit that I always get a lump in my throat when I watch Apollo 13. It’s partly because I’m old enough to barely remember it happening and partly because it was such a tremendous human achievement. When I watched the launch sequence, the lump in my throat was joined by quivering in the rest of my body as those 48 little woofers in the BGX-4850 flooded the room. Eager for more, I dug out my three-disc set of actual Saturn V launch footage taken by NASA cameras, some of which were located right on the launch pad. Visually, the real thing isn’t as spiffy as the theatrical version (although I think it’s more awe- inspiring); but hearing the actual audio, including a bird or two in the background before all hell breaks loose, is almost frightening. The BGX-4850 system was superb in its reproduction of the sonic fury. However, at one point, while I had the volume up a bit past the point of comfort, the system’s limiters kicked in. But I only know this because I happened to be looking at the amp’s display when it happened. Audibly, the limiter circuit’s action was imperceptible. Other than the time I crashed an Apache helicopter in an Army training simulator, I have very little experience with real military helicopters. I feel I have the experience, though—and the emphasis is on the word feel—after watching numerous helicopter-happy scenes in Transformers. A lesser sub would certainly be able to pressurize the room with each pass of the rotors. But the BGX- 4850 is cleaner and tighter, so you get the sense of blades slicing through the air rather than the heavy slaps you’d usually hear. Normally, I’d spend the rest of the day marveling at the plot twists and turns in Transformers, but as it happens, sometimes I like to listen to music. As with flying helicopters, I’m no expert on playing the bass guitar—my kids won’t even let me hold our PS3 Rock Band bass guitar controller—but I think I’m on pretty solid ground when I say that the three bass players who make up S.M.V., Stanley Clarke, Marcus Miller, and Victor Wooten, are pretty good. (That ought to qualify as the understatement of the year, if not the decade.) As I listened to the long-awaited Thunder disc, I quickly realized that the BGX-4850 is as musical and nuanced as it is powerful. With nothing else in the recording to overshadow the textures of the two bass guitars in the hands of Wooten and Miller jamming on “Classical Thump (Jam),” for example, I heard each hand slap, as well as the way the sub comfortably and cleanly reproduced the power of the initial release of the guitar strings. Reviewers often use the term effortless to describe speakers, and the word applies here, except that it doesn’t go far enough. It’s not so much that the sub’s performance gives a sense of ease as much as a sense of “is.” It’s hard to think about the sub as being separate from the music. It’s just as apparent with music a little more outrageous, such as Flight of the Cosmic Hippo (which included Wooten as part of Béla Fleck & the Flecktones). Despite the extension and duration of some of the low bass notes, the BGX-4850’s output always seemed natural. Cuts from Big Bad Voodoo Daddy’s Live recording jumped with the same enthusiasm. Conclusion I shouldn’t have praised the BGX- 4850 as much as I have, as it has one seriously large drawback. The BGX-4850’s $6,995 price tag means that I can’t afford it. A lot of you probably can’t afford it, either. (If you can afford it, did I mention that I hate you?) It’s terribly sad because there’s no doubt in my mind that the system is well worth the money. It’s not only the best in-wall subwoofer I’ve reviewed, it’s one of the best subwoofers of any configuration that I’ve heard. Knowing that the BGX-4850 is out there will always make me look at my current subwoofer and muse on how amazing things could be if we didn’t have kids, tuition, a mortgage, and all the other things that suck the money out of our bank account. Curses on you, Levitsky and Fincham! You’ve ruined just about any system I’ll ever own. I think I’ll open that bottle of vodka now.
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A bottle of vodka can’t make a speaker sound any better than it actually does. But it can make me think I sound better (smarter, and of course funnier). It might even make suggestible friends agree if you pass the bottle around the room. However, it still can’t change a subwoofer’s performance. Vodka, after all, isn’t a room treatment product—although enough (empty) bottles spread throughout the room might be just the thing. I bring this up as a way of full disclosure. It’s become a tradition that Igor Levitsky, BG Radia’s VP of engineering and research, presents me with a bottle of Russian vodka the one or two times a year we have the chance to meet. (We have something of a Russian connection. I took Russian in college. He took college in Russia.) So when Igor came to my house to set up and tweak BG Radia’s BGX-4850 in-wall subwoofer system ($6,995 as tested), he did not disappoint. So now you know, and I can state categorically that neither the gifting nor the drinking had any influence on my ultimate impression of the system. Hopefully, this public airing will make Igor feel like he has to maintain the tradition.

When I first heard that Igor was working with Laurie Fincham (THX’s chief scientist and VP of research and development) on a project to develop the world’s first THX Ultra2–certified in-wall subwoofer, I thought maybe he’d been swigging from one of those vodka bottles that were meant for me. After all, THX Ultra2 certification is for products that are designed to be used in large home theater rooms, typically around 3,000 cubic feet with a viewing distance of approximately 12 feet. It’s tough enough to design a free- standing subwoofer for that kind of application. Coming up with an in-wall version that doesn’t require significant modifications to the wall—requiring 8-foot-tall back boxes or stud relocation, for example—seems like it would be darn near impossible.

Or so you might think. It turns out that, after a longer period of time than they originally anticipated, Messrs. Fincham and Levitsky have come up with just such a thing. Better than that, they’ve come up with an in-wall subwoofer that can hold its own against the best subwoofers of any configuration on the market. And they’ve done it in a form factor that’s surprisingly simple and amazingly easy to install, in either new or existing construction.

Dead on Arrival BG Radia’s BGX-4850 system consists of four BGX-S12B subwoofer modules and a BGA-2104 subwoofer amplifier. Invariably, anyone who looks for the first time at the naked BGX-S12B modules before they’re hidden in the wall will experience a definite “What the…?” moment. The dark-gray modules look more like high-efficiency space heaters or some extremely bogus ionic air purifiers than they do subwoofers. Of course, unless you’re an uber-techie and decide to attach them to the wall sans covering (which, by the way, you could do, and they’ll work fabulously), your only chance to marvel at their unique design will be as you or your installer attaches them to the studs in the wall. Each module measures 14.5 inches wide by 26.75 inches high and is only 3.5 inches deep (more on this a bit later). This means they will easily fit in any standard 2-by-4 studded wall.

You’d expect to find a large single driver or, as is the case with some other in-wall subs, a powered driver paired with a passive radiator. Instead, each BGX-S12B module contains a dozen 4-inch “micro-precision” woofers—yes, 12 4-inch woofers, not four 12- inch woofers. Each one is sealed in its own individual chamber or pod. The pods are arranged in balanced pairs that fire in phase directly toward each other. Sound exits through a narrow channel that runs down the center of the module between the opposing drivers. BG claims that the 48 drivers included in the four modules have a total combined radiating area that’s equal to two 18-inch drivers. (My math says it’s actually about 20 percent more area than two 18-inch drivers, but I’ll take BG’s word for it.)

The unique design is part of a new technology from Fincham and THX called THX Balanced Bassline. In addition to generating a lot of bass, the tightly coupled opposing drivers inherently cancel vibration. Levitsky tells me that the subs reduce vibration even further by using small, specially shaped woofer pods made out of a glass-reinforced composite material. The design minimizes internal standing waves and shifts mechanical structural resonances much higher than the operational range of the subwoofer, and it’s amazingly effective. Even with the lowest bass information, the drywall around an installed module vibrates no more than any other spot of drywall in the room. Impressive as that was, I was even more amazed when I laid a module on its back on the floor and placed a filled wine glass on one of the pods. (In order to protect our new carpet, I used water in the glass rather than wine—just in case BG’s claims were slightly exaggerated.) With the sub playing at near painful levels, the filled glass barely budged.

Wall-Easy The 3.5-inch-deep BGX-4850 subwoofers easily fit in a standard wall without any special modifications, dog ears, or heavy-duty clamps to hold the enclosure tightly against the drywall. In fact, the subs will be a breeze to install for anyone who’s ever held a drywall saw and a cordless screwdriver (not necessarily at the same time). Even if you don’t install the system yourself—which is entirely doable—it’s still a bonus because the less time it takes your installer to install the sub enclosures, the lower your labor bill will be.

Inappropriately named NCBs (new construction brackets) are required for retrofit installations as well as new construction. Two grille options are available, and your choice depends on whether the install is a retrofit or new construction. For new construction, the NCB and sub enclosure are installed before the drywall. When the wall goes up, the contractor cuts a hole in the drywall around the 7-inch-wide protective cover on the front of the enclosures. After the wall has been painted, the cover is removed and replaced with a narrow 7-by-28-inch grille. In a retrofit application, the NCB is used as a template to cut the hole in the drywall. After you secure the NCB to the studs with four screws, you’ll screw the module into the NCB. After the speaker wire is attached, a 15-by- 29.5-inch grille snaps into place. This latter option isn’t as stealthy an install as the slender 7-inch grille, to be sure. However, since you don’t need to make any other modifications to the wall, it’s a decent trade-off.

I’m sure by now, you’re wondering, “How do they manage to fit 12—or, for that matter, even two—4-inch woofers sideways in a module that’s 3.5 inches deep?” That’s such a good question, I asked it myself. It turns out that the 3.5-inch depth spec is the installed depth. The remaining half-inch or so of the drivers extends through the opening in the drywall, and the grilles bow outward slightly to provide a smidgen of extra room.

All Amped Up The system’s BGA-2104 power amplifier/controller is a standard rack-mount-sized component that generates two channels of 1,100 watts each. Each amplifier drives two modules connected in parallel. Since all processing and amplification happens in the BGA-2104, a single run of speaker wire is all you’ll need to connect the subwoofer modules to the amp. In terms of aesthetics, it has a basic LED display panel on the front with a large rotary encoder knob next to it. While it’s not ugly, the lackluster look may make you relegate it to one of the less prominent shelves in your rack. The main menu functions (including level, mode, crossover, phase, and input) are all accessible from the front panel via the encoder knob. Anyone who has ever worked with a subwoofer will find it easy to set up, but the amp is somewhat slow to respond after it receives a menu command. The included creditcard-style IR remote control lets you turn the sub on or off—the system does have auto signal sensing capability with three sensitivity settings. You can also change the volume level and switch between user-adjustable Music and Movie preset modes. There are also power and mode triggers. It’s unusual for a subwoofer this expensive to not include some sort of automatic room correction circuitry, but according to BG, it’s not that necessary thanks to the acoustic benefits of the four separate sub modules. (More on that in a moment.)

The most frustrating part of the installation will probably be connecting the speaker wires to the outputs on the back of the subwoofer amplifier using the two included Neutrik SpeakOn connectors. Levitsky says BG likes to use these locking speaker connectors because they provide a highly reliable connection that protects against electric shock and shorting. That’s correct, but it still doesn’t make them any easier to terminate. Fortunately for me, Levitsky offered to do the wiring. However, I did have to let him borrow a tiny screwdriver to do the job.

The Why Four and the Where Four If the amp has only two channels, what’s up with having four modules? Couldn’t BG have just made the modules a little taller, added a few more drivers, and called it a day using only two?

First of all, in order to achieve the volume levels that are required for THX Ultra2 certification, the system needs driver surface area. (BG also makes the $4,995 BGX- 2450 that includes the same amp and two of the sub modules. This configuration is THX Select2 certified and may be fine in a smaller room and satisfying at lower listening levels. ) However, volume is only part of the story.

As Levitsky explained, if you’re a single, action-movie junkie with no prospects of romantic involvement any time soon, put your subwoofers in one corner of the room. This will generate the maximum amount of bass and the most complaints from the neighbors. Unfortunately, this setup will typically be annoyingly inconsistent in terms of output from seating position to seating position. Equalization can help smooth out the response curve, but only for one specific listening location in the room.

Thanks to research done by Floyd Toole and others, one simple solution to the problem of uneven bass throughout a room is to use multiple subwoofers positioned on opposite walls (if possible). While two is good, four (although more expensive) is even better—thus the choice of four modules for the BGX-4850. In addition to being able to produce the amount of output required for a large room, properly installing the modules on opposite walls provides a smoother overall frequency response and greatly reduces variations in output from seat to seat.

The locations where I could install in-wall subwoofers in my theater weren’t ideal, but after we finished dialing in the system, the BGX-4850’s performance was about as ideal as you could want. To prove the point about the value of multiple sub locations, Levitsky captured the response curves in the room with one, two, and then all four subwoofers in action. We didn’t need to see the graph because we could hear the differences. It was especially interesting to see the results on paper. There’s no doubt of the benefit from having four woofers.

But how do you know where the best locations in your room are? In theory, you’d place one sub in the center of each wall, or one in each corner. Since the BGX- 4850 modules are acoustically self-contained, you can easily move the modules to different places in your room and listen to the system in order to find the best spots. Unfortunately, you can’t do this if you’re building a new home and the modules need to be installed before the drywall goes up. Then it’s best to rely on theory and your custom A/V designer’s judgment.

What a Blast Earlier this year, my wife and I were lucky enough to be at Cape Canaveral for a launch of the Space Shuttle. Even from our vantage point five miles away, the sound of the fury of the launch was damn impressive—at one point, it even elicited a stunned “Whoa!” from most of the assembled geeky types on the crowded beach. Of course, having seen and heard the real thing, and being prompted from the hoopla surroundng the 40th anniversary of the first moon landing, I decided I needed to find out how well the BGX-4850 could handle Hollywood’s version of a launch in Apollo 13.

I have to admit that I always get a lump in my throat when I watch Apollo 13. It’s partly because I’m old enough to barely remember it happening and partly because it was such a tremendous human achievement. When I watched the launch sequence, the lump in my throat was joined by quivering in the rest of my body as those 48 little woofers in the BGX-4850 flooded the room. Eager for more, I dug out my three-disc set of actual Saturn V launch footage taken by NASA cameras, some of which were located right on the launch pad. Visually, the real thing isn’t as spiffy as the theatrical version (although I think it’s more awe- inspiring); but hearing the actual audio, including a bird or two in the background before all hell breaks loose, is almost frightening. The BGX-4850 system was superb in its reproduction of the sonic fury. However, at one point, while I had the volume up a bit past the point of comfort, the system’s limiters kicked in. But I only know this because I happened to be looking at the amp’s display when it happened. Audibly, the limiter circuit’s action was imperceptible.

Other than the time I crashed an Apache helicopter in an Army training simulator, I have very little experience with real military helicopters. I feel I have the experience, though—and the emphasis is on the word feel—after watching numerous helicopter-happy scenes in Transformers. A lesser sub would certainly be able to pressurize the room with each pass of the rotors. But the BGX- 4850 is cleaner and tighter, so you get the sense of blades slicing through the air rather than the heavy slaps you’d usually hear.

Normally, I’d spend the rest of the day marveling at the plot twists and turns in Transformers, but as it happens, sometimes I like to listen to music. As with flying helicopters, I’m no expert on playing the bass guitar—my kids won’t even let me hold our PS3 Rock Band bass guitar controller—but I think I’m on pretty solid ground when I say that the three bass players who make up S.M.V., Stanley Clarke, Marcus Miller, and Victor Wooten, are pretty good. (That ought to qualify as the understatement of the year, if not the decade.) As I listened to the long-awaited Thunder disc, I quickly realized that the BGX-4850 is as musical and nuanced as it is powerful. With nothing else in the recording to overshadow the textures of the two bass guitars in the hands of Wooten and Miller jamming on “Classical Thump (Jam),” for example, I heard each hand slap, as well as the way the sub comfortably and cleanly reproduced the power of the initial release of the guitar strings. Reviewers often use the term effortless to describe speakers, and the word applies here, except that it doesn’t go far enough. It’s not so much that the sub’s performance gives a sense of ease as much as a sense of “is.” It’s hard to think about the sub as being separate from the music. It’s just as apparent with music a little more outrageous, such as Flight of the Cosmic Hippo (which included Wooten as part of Béla Fleck & the Flecktones). Despite the extension and duration of some of the low bass notes, the BGX-4850’s output always seemed natural. Cuts from Big Bad Voodoo Daddy’s Live recording jumped with the same enthusiasm.

Conclusion I shouldn’t have praised the BGX- 4850 as much as I have, as it has one seriously large drawback. The BGX-4850’s $6,995 price tag means that I can’t afford it. A lot of you probably can’t afford it, either. (If you can afford it, did I mention that I hate you?) It’s terribly sad because there’s no doubt in my mind that the system is well worth the money. It’s not only the best in-wall subwoofer I’ve reviewed, it’s one of the best subwoofers of any configuration that I’ve heard. Knowing that the BGX-4850 is out there will always make me look at my current subwoofer and muse on how amazing things could be if we didn’t have kids, tuition, a mortgage, and all the other things that suck the money out of our bank account. Curses on you, Levitsky and Fincham! You’ve ruined just about any system I’ll ever own. I think I’ll open that bottle of vodka now.

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 Carson city, NV-based BG Radia Corporation has staked its reputation on building loudspeakers that leverage the strengths of planar ribbon drivers. As listeners familiar with those technologies might tell you, well-designed planar ribbon drivers can, at their best, offer effortless and uncanny clarity, delivering sound so lucid and transparent that it almost defies description. The only catch, really, is that it’s not easy to manufacture ribbon drivers that can reproduce lower midrange/bass frequencies at high volume levels, which has led BG Radia to offer hybrid speakers that use conventional piston-type drivers for lower frequencies and planar ribbon drivers for higher frequencies.
 
BG Radia’s most affordable and conventional looking hybrid models are collectively known as Z-series speakers—a product family that’s been around for quite a while.
 
About four years ago I reviewed a surround system based on BG’s first Z-series speakers and found it to be very good, though with the minor caveat that you could sometimes hear discontinuities in transient speed and resolution between the speakers’ blazingly fast planar ribbon tweeters and audibly slower conventional woofers. What would have helped, I thought at the time, was a planar ribbon midrange driver to help bridge the gap in the middle. And as it turns out a planar ribbon midrange driver is precisely what BG Radia provides in its newest Z-series models—the Z-92 and Z-62. In theory, these speakers should offer greater clarity from top to bottom and a more seamless blend between drivers, and to test that theory I decided to review a surround rig comprised of two Z-92 floorstanders (used as L/R main speakers), three Z-62 L/C/R speakers (used in the center channel and L/R surround positions), plus one of BG Radia’s 210i subwoofers. How does the complete package sound? Read on.
 
Overview
 
Consider this speaker system if:
you’re passionate about sound quality and want a movie and music-worthy speaker system that delivers blockbuster dynamics, effortless clarity, detail, and levels of sonic finesse rarely (if ever) heard in commercial theaters. But note: you’ll need good electronics for optimal sound.
 
Look elsewhere if:
you are pressed for space or would find the ~$7000 system too pricey. The Z-92s and Z-62s are lovely, but can visually dominate smaller rooms. Also, look further if you favor speakers with a soft, diffuse, “romantic” sound; the Z-models invariably give you clarity and detail—in spades.
 
Ratings (compared to sub-$7k surround speaker systems)
 
Transparency and focus: 10
Imaging & soundstaging: 9
Tonal balance: 9
Dynamics: 10
Bass extension: 9
Bass pitch definition: 7
Bass dynamics: 9
Value: 9
 
FEATURES 
• Both the Z-92 and Z-62 are three-way, four-driver, bass reflex (i.e., ported) speakers, each featuring dual 6.5-inch mid-bass drivers, a 10-inch x 5-inch Neo10 planar ribbon midrange panel, and a 2.5x3.5-inch Neo3PDR planar ribbon tweeter coaxially mounted in front of the Neo10 panel.
• The Z-92 is a full-range floorstander, while the Z-62 is a somewhat smaller, near-full-range stand-mount monitor/center channel speaker.
• Relative to the original Z-models (which remain in production), the Z-92/Z-62 get improved 6.5-inch mid-bass drivers featuring anodized aluminum cones driven by “double-gap” motors with Neodymium magnets.
• The Z-92 and Z-62 offer gorgeous, real wood veneers with options for light maple or black ash finishes.
• The Z-92 and Z-62 both offer—get this—a lifetime parts and labor warranty.
• 500-watt 210i subwoofer provides dual 10-inch Kevlar woofers arranged in a horizontally opposed, “reactance cancelling” configuration (the woofers face in opposite directions and move outward and inward in unison so that vibration forces exactly cancel out).
 
SONIC CHARACTER
The Z-92 and Z-62 speakers take big steps forward from the original Z-models in several key areas. First, their new midrange drivers give middle frequencies the same fast, transparent, wide-open sound that made BG Radia’s planar ribbon tweeter famous. This means that transient sounds—drumsticks striking cymbals, guitar picks passing over strings, etc.—burst into life with compelling, realistic immediacy.
 
            Second, the speed and resolution gap I previously heard between the woofer and tweeter in the original Z-models has now mostly been bridged. This is partly because the new midrange panel fills that gap, but also because the Z-92/Z-62 woofers, which have significantly improved motors, have also gotten better, delivering a more refined, nuanced sound. The result is a speaker where driver voices blend more smoothly than before—with better integration than in many other hybrid speakers I’ve heard.
 
            While the Z-92/Z-62 speakers sound somewhat bright straight out of the carton, they smooth out nicely after about 50 hours of playing time. Once broken in, they exhibit generally neutral tonal balance, though with faint, occasional hints of upper midrange/lower treble emphasis—characteristics some listeners think enhances clarity, but that tug at your ears to disrupt 3D imaging just a bit.
 
            But the best part of these speakers, by far, is their midrange, which is smooth, evenly balanced, and full of detail and nuance. Bass is rich and very well weighted, but perhaps just a bit under-damped so that low notes—the deep throb and growl of a vigorously plucked acoustic bass, for example—exhibit more bloom than is, strictly speaking, realistic. This partly has to do with the bass performance of the Z-92/Z-62 speakers themselves, but also with the sound of the 210i sub. The 210i goes low and is powerful, but for its price, I wish it delivered a more taut and defined sound (which BG Radia’s flagship BGX-4850 in-wall sub does, by the way).
 
            Dynamic prowess is a major strength of the entire BG Radia system—one that differentiates it from many others in its class. There’s an old adage that says you can get sonic subtlety or robust dynamics in a speaker system, but probably not both at once. But with this BG Radia rig, you can. The Z-92/Z-62/210i combo sails happily through large-scale sound effects and musical crescendos at volume levels that would make many systems beg for mercy—a quality that I and that many guest listeners found thoroughly thrilling.
           
An important hint: The Z-92/Z-62 system sounds very good without any EQ at all, but if you want to hear this system taken to the next level, try using it with electronics that feature the Audyssey MultEQ room/speaker equalization system; the synergy is breathtaking. Because the Z-92/Z-62 speakers are quite good to begin with, the changes you’ll hear might at first seem small, but their overall effect is not. With Audyssey EQ in play, the speakers’ slight upper midrange forwardness goes away and the bass tightens up and becomes better defined—all without losing any transparency or dynamic clout. The net result is that this already very good speaker system becomes even better, with smoother sound overall and surround imaging that’s more pefectly seamless.
 
MOVIE PERFORMANCE
One film whose soundtrack shows off a plethora of the system’s strengths is Clint Eastwood’s brilliant Letters from Iwo Jima (see Jon Valin’s “Best Film’s of the New Millenium” for a capsule review of this movie). Few films offer more striking contrasts between heartbreakingly quiet, soul-searching moments and gargantuan battle scenes—a spectrum the BG Radia system handles with authority and poise. In the conversation where Saigo argues with Shimizu that the Emperor is better served by soldiers who live to fight rather than by those who commit suicide, for example, the BGs let you hear and feel the desperate, persuasive edge in Saigo’s voice. Yet in larger scale scenes, such as the one where a machine gun emplacement takes a direct hit, the system can reproduce shock waves so violent that they smack listeners in the chest, pinning them to their seats.
 
           Finally, the BG Radia systems ads power and impact to the scene where we see Japanese soldiers hunkered down in caves, cringing as American artillery shells fall closer and closer to their position. What makes the scene so powerful is that we hear explosions that seem to encircle us, first from afar and then from close range—an effect the system renders with superb surround imaging. Tension builds almost to the breaking point as shells land close enough for the soldiers ( and for us) to hear the fierce, metallic “crack” of detonations almost directly overhead. It’s a scene to make one’s blood run cold, made even more powerful by the BG Radia rig’s ability to remain clear and composed at higher volumes.
 
MUSIC PERFORMANCE 
It takes just one great jazz recording—namely, The Jimmy Cobb Quartet’s Cobb’s Corner [Chesky, Multichannel SACD]—for you to realize that there is more to this system than monster dynamics or the sturm und drang of battle scenes. Try listening to “My Foolish Heart,” and you’ll be struck by the way the Z-92s captures the sweet yet incisive bite of Roy Hargrove’s solo trumpet, which sounds very realistic both in size and timbre. The speakers convey the sense of notes forming with within the horn’s interior and then bursting forth through its brass bell; it’s a captivating sound. Off to the right side of the stage, you’ll hear Cobb’s deft, sure brushstrokes on drums and cymbals. The system does a great job of capturing their delicate, filigreed sound and of expressing the quiet, masterful intensity of Cobb’s playing. In short, the system retrieves deep layers of musical information that other speakers might underplay or simply leave behind.
 
 
Bottom Line:BG Radia’s Z-92/Z-62 surround system may not be the slam-dunk “best product” product in its class, but it can certainly compete with the strongest systems I’ve heard in the sub-$7K price bracket, which is saying a mouthful. The system brings distinctive strengths to the table, including superb treble and midrange detailing, a highly nuanced sound, good top-to-bottom driver integration, and the ability to serve up killer dynamics on demand. Dropping close to seven grand on a speaker system might initially seem like an over-the-top luxury, but once you live with the BG Radia system for a few weeks the idea will make perfect sense. 

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I've reviewed many excel- lent in-wall speakers, but none quite like the new Radia R-800 in-wall speaker from BG. With 24 drivers in each speaker, this giant stands almost 7 feet tall and is clearly designed for extreme listening—extremely satisfying listening, that is. Each speaker has two 8-inch woofers mounted at the top and bottom, six Neo10 planar-ribbon midrange panels, and 16 Neo3PDR planar-ribbon tweeters in a vertical-line array pattern. An outboard amplifier, the BGA-2500, which is included with a pair of Radia R-800s, powers the two woofers.

This was an exceptionally ambitious review, but one I was eager to start. My first preview of the Radia R-800s at CEDIA 2005 in Indianapolis was very convincing. I was glad to have the assistance of Ed Jaeger, president of BG, and Fred Yando, vice president of sales, to help me install and set up the Radia R-800 speakers. In fact, I couldn't have unpacked, moved, or installed them in the walls without their help. Beware, because, once they were installed, their appearance in my living room was formidable. If the room didn't have high ceilings, they wouldn't have fit as well as they did.

If their appearance is formidable, their sound quality is awe-inspiring. I've reviewed other BG in-wall speakers and was pleased with the sound quality, which entailed a clean, open midrange and excellent high-frequency detail. But the Radia R-800s define a new standard. Almost immediately, they produced a you-are-there sense of midrange clarity and presence, as well as high frequencies that were pure and uncolored. Each instrument and vocal element was easy to distinguish from others in the soundstage. Detail and definition was outstanding, with a strong center image. Since these speakers were shipped fresh from the production line, their sound quality continued to improve after several hours of breaking in.

In particular, vocals were strikingly clear, creating a feeling of immediacy and intimacy with the music, as if I were listening to a live performance. With a new recording from Renée Fleming, Haunted Heart (Decca Records), the speakers revealed every detail and nuance in her voice and breath, which helped convey the sad emotions present in many of the songs. The piano sounded as if it were in the room, with a solid foundation of bass and newfound clarity in the midrange and higher frequencies. The Voices Unbound DVD-Audio (AIX Records) by Zephyr showcased two of the best examples of vocal alacrity in the Radia R-800s: "Now Is the Month of Maying" and "Le Chant des Oyseaux." They are a cappella recordings in the round, with a single microphone placed in the center of a ring of vocalists. When I played these tracks in multichannel mode with the rest of the speakers in my system, the voices' transparency and dynamic range were amazing, as if I were seated in place of the microphone. The sound was enveloping, detailed, and accurate.

The Radia R-800s do what any good speaker should: They allow you to hear the music, not the speaker. They are incredibly transparent. Many speakers force you to listen—they have a so-called in-your-face sound—but the Radia R-800s let you listen. They connect you with the music and let you pick out various details and elements of a recording as you wish. There are only two other speakers I've had in my home that impressed me this way: the KLH Model 9s (electrostatic speakers made in the 1950s) and the Dahlquist DQ-10s (phase-coherent speakers made in the 1970s).

Don't be surprised if the Radia R-800s reveal weaknesses in some recordings. As much as I enjoy listening to older discs, these speakers bring out the best and worst qualities in a recording. This was evident in Django Reinhardt's duet with Stephane Grappelli in a 1940s-era monaural recording, Djangology (Snapper Music). As you might expect, the lack of dynamic range was immediately exposed. It's like driving a high-performance sports car with a tank full of the cheapest grade of gasoline.

The Radia R-800s also exhibited a unique characteristic I've not encountered before: When playing music, especially vocals, they retained a strong sense of clarity and detail, even when I was listening from an adjacent room.

The Radia R-800s are the first in-wall speakers I have auditioned that do not need a subwoofer, although BG offers an in-wall subwoofer, the Radia R-88, with two 8-inch woofers. Without a subwoofer, bass response was tight and extended in every music disc and movie soundtrack I played. The bass track in James Taylor's "Line 'Em Up," (Hourglass SACD, Sony Music) sounded authoritative, well defined, and solid, as did "Why Can't It Wait Till Morning" from The Best of Fourplay (Warner Brothers Records). The separate amplifier, the BGA-2500, that drives the two long-throw 8-inch woofers in each speaker employs BG's BASH technology, using a switching power supply and a discrete analog output stage for high efficiency and very cool operation. (The BGA-2500 is available with or without rack-mount ears.) Since the midrange planar driver's crossover is set at 250 hertz, you can drive the rest of the system with an amplifier or receiver, and BG recommends power output of 100 to 250 watts per channel to adequately handle musical peaks. The Radia R-800s have a rated sensitivity of 93 decibels and are capable of a claimed maximum SPL output of 120 dB. I don't think I achieved that level, but, even at high levels, the Radia R-800s retain their high degree of clarity and detail.

I only enjoy watching movies with a good sound system, and, in my opinion, the quality of the sound is more critical than that of the picture. I'm in the process of acquiring an LCD flat panel, and, in the meantime, I'm using a 19-inch CRT TV. Although listening to 7-foot-tall speakers and watching a small TV was a sensory disconnect, the Radia R-800s more than compensated for the small picture size. With the Radia R-800 speakers, it seemed as if I were seated in a widescreen cinema when watching the March of the Penguins and Crash DVDs, two very different but equally compelling films with full, enveloping soundtracks. My 19-inch screen suddenly seemed like it was 19 feet.

The Radia R-800 speakers present a very wide, tall, deep, three-dimensional soundstage with pinpoint imaging. The soundstage makes the musical presentation sound large, enhancing the feeling that you're listening to a live performance. The wide sweet spot is also ideal for large rooms and off-axis listening where everyone may not have the best seat.

Construction Quality
The construction quality of the Radia R-800s is excellent, with a steel frame complemented by a finely machined aluminum baffle. Each speaker secures to the wall with 12 dogleg clamps, six on each side, and the grille slides into a channel along the sides of the frame for a clean appearance.

The Radia R-800s are suitable for new construction or retrofit installations. BG strongly recommends cavity bracing with construction adhesive and/or building dedicated back boxes or enclosures for the speakers, and I agree. The woofers are capable of moving lots of air, and, unless the cabinet or wall cavity is very solid and well sealed, vibrations and resonance are inevitable. I used an entire tube of caulking with drywall screws spaced every 6 inches on each speaker with good results but still had a few rattles. If I were to install them permanently, I would build back boxes, brace the walls, and seal every joint. Make sure your installer does the same. The benefits will become evident in solid bass reproduction.

 In Summary
The BG Radia R-800 speakers are a giant step forward in architectural loudspeakers. Priced at $12,000 per pair (including the external amplifier) they are ideal for installation in a dedicated media room. The Radia R-800s aren't for everyone, but, fortunately, BG has introduced a line of five new Radia in-walls that use the same drivers and design principles with similar sound qualities and more affordable pricing. The new, smaller models are also certain to please those who must convince a wary spouse. But, if you have a large room or theater and want outstanding audio performance, don't overlook the Radia R-800s. Describing the sound quality of the BG Radia R-800s with words doesn't match the experience of hearing them. I can only imagine what a multichannel system with five Radia R-800s would sound like—now that would be extreme listening.

Highlights
• Full-range in-wall speakers with planar-ribbon midranges and tweeters in a vertical-line array
• Excellent detail and definition
• Clean and open-sounding midrange performance
• Solid, well-defined bass response

At A Glance: BG Radia R-800 In-wall Speakers

Features
Number of Channels: 2
Power Rating (watts per channel): 500
Frequency Response: 20 Hz–20kHz
Dimensions (H x W x D, inches): 3.95 x 16.9 x 14.7
Weight (pounds): 17.5
Price: Included with speaker pair

Connections
Inputs: Line-level RCA (2)
Outputs: Line-level RCA (2), high-level speaker
outputs with five-way binding posts (2 pair)

Speaker: Radia R-800
Type: Three-way in-wall
Tweeter (size in inches, type): 3 x 2.5, Neo3PDR planar-ribbon panels (16)
Midrange (size in inches, type): 10 x 5, Neo10 planar-ribbon panels (6)
Woofer (size in inches, type): 8, long throw (2)
Nominal Impedance (ohms): 4
Recommended Amp Power (watts): 100
Available Finishes: White
Dimensions (H x W x D, inches): 81.5 x 11.58 x 3.7
Weight (pounds): 68
Price: $12,000 per pair including BGA-2500 amplifier

Ratings: BG Radia R-800 In-Wall Speakers

Build Quality: 96
Well built with a steel frame and machined aluminum baffle

Value: 96
One of the most expensive in-walls, but well worth it for a no-holds-barred media room/home theater

Features: 95
Separate bass amp reduces demand on main amp or receiver

Performance: 98
Excellent transparency, detail, and definition, especially with vocals

Ergonomics: 93
This is not a speaker for the do-it-yourselfer. Have them professionally installed with extra wall and cavity bracing

Overall Rating: 96
These huge BG in-walls employ planar-ribbon drivers to remarkably transparent ends. They can be both subtle and powerful.

General Information
Radia R-800 In-Wall Speakers, $12,000/pair
BG Corp.
(775) 884-1900
www.bgcorp.com

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 Last summer, John Atkinson and I were playing a jazz gig poolside at my local club, and during a break we began discussing equipment. As JA adjusted his microphones and I became increasingly nervous about the running, jumping kids splashing chlorinated water on his Nagra digital recorder, he asked me if I'd like to review the Z1 loudspeaker from BG Corp. "It's an interesting little bookshelf speaker featuring a ribbon tweeter." Hmm—an affordable bookshelf speaker matching a ribbon tweeter to a dynamic woofer? Very interesting. "Sounds good," said I, and resumed my ivory duties.

Company
Bohlender-Graebener Corporation, now known as BG Corp., is a Nevada-based company that since 1994 has produced a broad range of loudspeakers, all of them featuring BG's proprietary ribbon-tweeter technology. In addition to a line of conventional speaker pairs—the flagship of which, the Radia 520i ($4000/pair), Larry Greenhill reviewed in December 2004—BG manufactures a wide range of in-wall, on-wall, and custom-installation speakers. The Z1 ($499/pair), the first model in BG's affordable Z series, is a fairly unassuming shielded bookshelf speaker in which BG's ribbon tweeter is coupled with a 5.25" aluminum-cone woofer.

BG feels strongly that a ribbon driver is the best way to reproduce midrange and high frequencies. The mass of BG's tweeter diaphragm is 30–50 times less than that of a typical dome tweeter. Thus, according to BG, the tweeter's mass is comparable to that of the air that is vibrating along with the diaphragm. It can be energized more quickly, stores much less energy and inertia, can stop vibrating sooner, and its decay pattern is cleaner.

BG credits two major developments in materials science over the last two decades that have enabled further advancement in ribbon technology. First, neodymium has become less costly, making it viable for use in the motor structure of ribbon tweeters. Magnets made of neodymium have magnetic energy 20–30 times greater than the ceramic magnets used in the ribbons of the 1970s and '80s. Second, BG makes their diaphragms of Teonex film, developed by DuPont in the 1990s. BG feels that Teonex can withstand higher temperatures and is stronger than the Mylar film used in earlier ribbon designs.

BG set out to design a ribbon tweeter with smooth frequency response, low noise, wide horizontal dispersion, and high efficiency, all at low cost. Their patented ribbon design uses fewer magnets than conventional ribbons by eliminating side magnets positioned close to the clamping frame and, instead, placing strips of acoustically semitransparent absorptive material close to the diaphragm in the area between the diaphragm and the metal plates. BG says this allows them to largely retain the transducer's necessary sensitivity while providing sufficiently wide horizontal dispersion.

Sound
I placed the Z1s on my trusty Celestion Si stands, loaded with sand and lead shot. Although BG felt there would be a slight improvement in sound on-axis with the speakers' grilles removed, I got the most timbrally natural sound with them left on, which is how I did most of my listening. The difference was slight, however.

The Z1's detailed, delicate, coloration-free, and holographic midrange presentation impressed me with all vocal recordings. The notes I took while listening to the acappella introduction of Brian Wilson's "Our Prayer," from SMiLE (CD, Nonesuch 79863-2), read the same as my notes for Madeleine Peyroux's "Hey, Sweet Man," from Dreamland (CD, Atlantic 82946-2): "gorgeous, silky, holographic vocals." The Peyroux track also had me fixated on Marc Ribot's dobro; the extended and detailed high-frequency capabilities of the Z1's ribbon tweeter revealed levels of detail, delicacy, and immediacy that I'm not used to hearing from a $499/pair speaker.

The Z1's resolution of the high frequencies of vocal sibilants was so accurate that I felt I was listening to Janis Ian's Breaking Silence (CD, Analogue Productions CAPP 027) for the first time—a tough thing to do, considering that it's the most-played recording I own. The Z1's combination of low-level dynamic articulation and what appears to be a remarkable tweeter let me hear tactile nuances from this recording that I'd not noticed before through any speaker costing less than $2000/pair.

I began to mine my collection for recordings of acoustic stringed instruments. Don Fiorino's lotar—a fretless, four-string Moroccan lute—on Attention Screen's La Tessitura (CD, Hojo HOJO 10) sounded as if it was in the room with me. My listening notes: "Texture! Timbre! Transients!"

The Z1's low-level dynamic capabilities made me want to listen to woodwinds and brass as well as strings. On his Way Out West (CD, JVC VICJ 60083), Sonny Rollins' tenor sax was incredibly realistic in timbre, texture, and dynamics. Similarly, the saxes and trombones on the Jerome Harris Quintet's recording of Duke Ellington's "The Mooche," from Editor's Choice (CD, Stereophile STPH016-2), bloomed with a sense of organic and linear dynamics, with no trace of compression. The ride cymbals during the horn solos also seemed very lifelike.

The Z1 was also able to articulate transients with senses of speed, delicacy, and attack that I've come to associate only with much more expensive speakers. The transient attacks, decays, and timbre of Gary Burton's vibes on his first album, New Vibe Man in Town (LP, RCA LSP-2920), were sufficiently lifelike that I dropped my notebook. My mouth was agape as I focused on Burton, then an 18-year-old wonder trained in the classical marimba, trading fours with Joe Morello's brushes on "Joy Spring."

One acid test I use to test a speaker's high-frequency articulation is "Tiden Bar Gor," from Depth of Image (CD, Opus3 CD 7900). The beginning of the track features the interplay of two acoustic guitars, one steel-string, one nylon-string. With speakers of exceptional HF resolution, it's pretty obvious which guitar is which; through many affordable speakers, they can sound quite similar. With the BG Z1, the difference between the two guitars' textures was as easy to delineate as it is with my $12,000/pair Nola Circes.

One aspect of the Z1's HF performance concerned me, though only with certain recordings. If I played music with significant high-frequency energy and fast transients, such as the more pyrotechnic piano solos on the Jamie Saft Trio's Astaroth (CD, Tzadik TX 7348), the highs seemed to have an "etched" quality, particularly when the speakers were driven hard. But this, the Z1's sole deviation from neutrality, reared its head only occasionally.

The Z1's midbass and upper-bass performance was quite natural. A slight bit of warmth in the midbass was evenly distributed across a broad frequency range and did not detract from the musical experience. Ray Brown's bass solos on Way Out West were warm but natural, it was very easy to follow the pitches, and there was no sense of sluggishness or overhang.

Although the Z1 never sounded bass-shy, it didn't seem to have much in the way of low-bass extension. The bass drums on Antal Dorati and the London Symphony's recording of Stravinsky's The Firebird (CD, Mercury Living Presence/Classic SR 90226) and the CD layer of David Chesky's Area 31 (SACD, Chesky SACD282) sounded natural but did not shake the room much, and the lower register of the organ pedals on John Rutter's Requiem (CD, Reference RR-57CD) were missing in action.

To achieve a well-balanced midbass presentation that didn't sound bass-shy, I had to follow JA's setup recommendations. Normally, I place bookshelf speakers on stands anywhere from 2' to 4' from the front wall, depending on the speaker. To achieve a natural bass balance with the Z1s, I had to place them 1' from the front wall, which affected their soundstage presentation. On any well-recorded acoustic music, the speakers "disappeared," placing pinpoint holographic images across the soundstage. However, when the Z1s were only 1' from the front wall the depth become somewhat foreshortened. At 2' from the wall the soundstage depth increased significantly, but then the speakers sounded a bit bass-shy. This effect was sufficiently noticeable that I preferred the sound of the Z1s closer to the wall rather than out in the room.

For a bookshelf model with limited low-bass extension, the BG Z1 performed admirably as a rock speaker, and at fairly high volume levels. Wandering down memory lane, I cranked up "Jingo," from Best of Santana (CD, Columbia CK 65561), one of my favorite tunes from the set list of my old high school band, and started twitching around the room in my T-shirt and shorts, playing a mean air B-3. (My wife and kids weren't home. The dog looked at me strangely and left the room.) I had a similar reaction to the dramatic power and authority of Kraftwerk's Minimum-Maximum at 95dB (CD, EMI ASW 60611).

In fact, almost all the recordings I threw at the Z1 sounded natural and involving. Bill Frisell's idiosyncratic arrangement of "I Heard It Through the Grapevine," on East/West (CD, Nonesuch 79863-2), was devoid of coloration. This live recording sounded so immediate that I felt I was sitting in Yoshi's club in Oakland listening to the band.

Comparisons
I compared the BG Z1 ($499/pair) to the NHT SB-3 ($600/pair), the Nola Mini ($695/pair), and the Epos M5 ($650/pair).

The NHT SB3's rich midrange was similar to the BG's, but with much less detail in the midrange and highs. The NHT's bass extension and high-level dynamics were more impressive than the BG's, however. The Epos M5 revealed more midrange detail than the BG Z1, and had a tighter, slightly less warm midbass. The M5's highs were also rather extended, but the Z1 was a bit more detailed. The Nola Mini had better resolution of midrange detail than the BG Z1, and even better articulation of low-level dynamics. The Mini's highs were as extended as the Z1's, but the BG's highs seemed a bit more delicate. The Nola Mini's bass extension and high-level dynamics were superior, however.

Summing up
Overall, the BG Z1 was a top performer on a wide range of music—it played a lot of music for its price. The Z1's ribbon tweeter is a detailed and colorless transducer as long as it's not pushed too hard with complex material, and appeared to integrate seamlessly with the speaker's dynamic woofer over a broad range of program material. You may have to experiment with speaker placement, however, to achieve your optimal blend of bass extension and soundstage depth.

I congratulate BG Corp. on producing a cost-effective loudspeaker for audiophiles on a budget who nonetheless seek something a bit more innovative than "two dynamic drivers in a bookshelf box." Excellent work!

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